How it works

Upload a photo. We crop it to spec, replace the background, and run 18 compliance checks in seconds.

Example: mostly good, but ears covered

Original portrait photo before processing Original
Processed China visa photo with white background China Visa (33x48mm)
WARN Ears visible — both ears covered by hair. Pull hair behind ears.
PASS Top margin — 4.0mm
PASS Head height — 30.5mm
PASS Centering — centered
PASS Smile — neutral expression
PASS Eyes open
PASS Forehead visible
+ 8 more checks passed

This photo passes 16 of 17 checks but would be flagged for a China or India visa because both ears are hidden by hair. For a USA or UK passport, ears don't need to be visible — this photo would pass.

Example: expression issues

Original photo of person laughing Original
Processed photo with smile and open mouth warnings China Visa (33x48mm)
WARN Smile — expression too animated (score 0.99, max 0.30)
WARN Open mouth — mouth should be closed
WARN Ears visible — both ears covered by hair
PASS Top margin — 4.0mm
PASS Head height — 30.5mm
+ 11 more checks passed

This photo would be rejected for any visa or passport. A neutral expression with mouth closed is required by every country.

What we check

Face position & framing

Top margin
Distance from the top of the photo to the top of your head. Too close and the photo is rejected. Each country has a specific range (e.g., China requires 3–5mm).
Head height
Crown-to-chin measurement must fall within the country's required range. Too large or too small means the photo is framed wrong.
Head width
Face width must be within spec. This ensures consistent sizing across all applicants.
Centering
Your face must be centered horizontally. We allow up to 3% offset.
Straight-on
Head must be level, facing the camera directly. We detect tilt from eye alignment.
Hair clipping
If the top of your head is cut off by the photo edge, we flag it. Step back from the camera or aim higher.

Photo quality

Overexposure
Checks for blown-out highlights on your face. More than 5% saturated pixels means the lighting is too harsh.
Underexposure
Your face should be well-lit. Average luminance below 80 means the photo is too dark.
Shadows
Compares brightness of the left and right sides of your face. Uneven lighting (more than 30% difference) means there's a shadow.
Background uniformity
After we replace the background with white, we verify it's clean and even. Any artifacts or uneven areas are flagged.
Blurriness
The face region must be sharp. We also check for shallow depth of field (Portrait Mode) which blurs the edges of your face.

Compliance

These rules vary by country. We adjust the checks based on which document you select.

Glasses
Not allowed for any of the countries we currently support. Even clear lenses cause reflections that obscure your eyes. The US banned glasses in passport photos in 2016, the UK in 2018.
Smile
Most countries require a neutral expression with mouth closed. The USA is an exception — a natural, closed-mouth smile is acceptable.
Open mouth
Mouth must be closed for all countries.
Eyes closed
Both eyes must be open and clearly visible.
Ears visible
Required for: China, India
Not required for: USA, UK, Schengen
China is particularly strict — hair covering ears is the #1 rejection reason on the COVA online application system. If you're applying for a Chinese visa, tie back your hair.
Forehead visible
Required for all countries we support. Bangs or fringe covering your forehead will be flagged. For China, this is the second most common rejection reason after ears.
Clothing color
Warns if your clothing is white or very light, as it blends with the white background. Dark or colored clothing photographs best.

Why do these rules exist?

Every passport photo rule traces back to facial recognition at border control. Read the full explanation — how e-gates work, why ears matter for biometrics, and how the system achieves 99%+ accuracy across 150 countries.

Try it yourself

Upload a photo and see your full validation report in seconds. $3.99 for the final photo.

Get your photo now

Example photos by nrd on Unsplash.